Supplementary Materials :: Systematic Literature Review :: Cuddy, Schultz & Fosse
 
 
The primary goal for our systematic literature review was to define a set of studies in which each study tested at least one effect of two or more seated or standing postural manipulations where a given posture manipulation was more expansive or contractive than the other posture condition(s). Before initiating any search queries, we generated a list of terms that we determined to be relevant based on the language in the existing literature. We derived these terms and phrases from the manuscripts and studies featured in CCY’s 2015 review.
 
 
As with any literature search, the distinctiveness of the search terms can significantly reduce the number of irrelevant results to sift through. A standalone search term can have so many distinct meanings and implementations that relying on these broad terms in a given query could return tens of thousands of irrelevant search results. We focused each query in our systematic literature review via the use of the available “advanced search” functions to filter based on important criteria including whether the manuscripts are peer-reviewed (As noted in the paper, we only included those that were peer-reviewed.)
 
 
In some queries, highly distinct terminology produced a manageable quantity of results to review (example: ("expansive body posture" OR "expansive body pose" OR "expansive posture" OR "expansive pose")), while other queries that employed more indistinct (but necessary to be comprehensive) terms produced several thousand results most of which were completely irrelevant (for example:(“upright pose" OR "upright posture" OR "upright body posture")). In order to promote relevant results and reduce noise, we sorted by relevance.
 
 
The WIKI for HOLLIS+ provides the following documentation about sorting by Relevance in the HOLLIS  platform: “Records that are boosted can appear from the second position onwards.  The top position is always reserved for the top record based on the hit rank. Hit rank is determined by a number of factors, such as in which fields the matching terms appear, how many times the terms appear, etc.” (HOLLIS WIKI, https://wiki.harvard.edu/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=203588118#HOLLIS+AdvancedHelp-Relevancy)
 
 
“HOLLIS+ includes everything from the Harvard collection, like books, journals, images, maps, archives, manuscripts, scores, music, videos, films, and data. HOLLIS+ also includes an enormous articles database, which has content from subscription databases and journals, along with open access content, like articles from the Harvard open access repository DASH.” (HOLLIS guide, http://guides.library.harvard.edu/c.php?g=310963&p=2073208)
 
 
After running all queries, we then reviewed and winnowed all HOLLIS+ search results to our final set of studies. This process required multiple passes first filtering out based on title, then abstract, and then the study description in the full text.

As with any literature search platform, Harvard may make changes to the HOLLIS+ platform over time, such as which journals they include, how and when they determine that an article should be included, and any other changes to their algorithm. Changes that occurred after the end of our literature search could affect results, which will always be the case.

The date that a given peer-reviewed manuscript is available online and included in search platforms often precedes the printed publication date. Hao et al. was accepted and published online in early December 2016 (and accessed in HOLLIS+ in December 2016) but has a listed print publication date of Feb 2017. Similarly, Wilkes et al. was accepted and electronically published in 2016 (and accessed in HOLLIS+ in December 2016) but has a print publication date in March 2017. A third paper (Ronay et al.) has mixed publication dates of December 2016 and January 2017, though it was not accessible in HOLLIS+ in December 2016, nor did it produce significant results and thus would not have had an impact on the results of our analyses.
 
 
TERMS:
closed
contractive
dominant
emotion
expansive
guilt
hunched
mood
open
pose
posing
posture
power
pride
proud
shame
slouched
slumped
stooped
upright

power pose
power posing
incidental posture
body posture